Several Symptoms of PKD

Symptoms of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) can be divided into kidney manifestations caused by PKD and external kidney manifestations caused by PKD complications. Learning symptoms of PKD can help the patients know well about the development and changes of PKD conditions according to the symptoms, help the patients prevent and treat it better, help the patients discover complications early and avoid uremia.

The kidney manifestations caused by PKD include the following points:

① backache or stomachache: usually the symptom is that there is constriction on back, sometimes it is severe pain. The pain may be continuous or be intermittent. Sometimes the symptom is stomachache and the pain will emit to back, breast, upper quadrant or groin, the pain may aggravate with activity, running, long-time sitting and the patients will be forced in bed. The pain mechanisms may include the enlargement of kidney, the enlargement of renal cortex tension and the pressing to adjacent organs and tissues.

② abnormal urine: The main symptoms are hematuria or proteinuria, they are the early symptoms. Hematuria includes microscopic hematuria or gross hematuria and more than 50 percent patients have this symptom. Patients with the symptoms of kidney enlargement and hypertension are more common. Almost all patients have the symptom of proteinuria and most of the symptom is slight and continuous. If the patients are accompanied with urinary tract infection, there can be leukocytes.

③ the decrease of renal concentration function: It manifests as diuresis and enuresis nocturna. But this symptom is usually slight and will emerge at early stage.

④ hypertension: 50-60 percent of patients may have the symptom of hypertension and most of them are secondary to the decrease of renal function. The hypertension symptom of ADPKD is related to the hyperfunction of rennin-angiotensin.

⑤renal function damage: About 50 percent of patients have the symptom of renal failure.

The external kidney manifestations caused by PKD complications:

About 50 percent of ADPKD patients have the manifestation of Liver Cyst. The cyst may be single or be multiple. The symptoms of cyst of liver are rather few and we only can find the enlargement of liver by examination. The morbidity of pancreatic cyst is about 10 percent, 5 percent of patients have the complication of spleen cyst. Cyst of thyroid, ovary, epididymis, etc may occur sometimes. Another important external kidney manifestation is aneurysma which includes intracranial aneurysm, abdominal aneurysm and thoracic aortic aneurysm and so on.
Other external kidney manifestations of PKD include:

① lesions of heart valve: prolapsus of valvula bicuspidalis and valvula tricuspidalis, incompetence of aortic valve and etc.

②hiatus, colon diverticulum, buboucele and etc.


Please go to standard hospitals for examinations if you have these symptoms, and avoid delaying the patient' condition.