PKD Symptoms Inside and Outside Kidney

Polycystic Kidney Disease (hereinafter called PKD) symptoms are mainly divided into kidney inside and outside. Having a better knowledge about PKD symptoms is beneficial to get hold of the progression of PKD, and to better take prevention and treatment so that complications can be detected in early stage and Uremia can be avoided.

Symptoms inside kidney

I, Pains occur in waist and abdominal area. Generally, patients feel a pressure in waist and abdomen and the pains are severe sometimes. Pains can attack persistently or intermittently, and sometimes they may start from abdominal area and irradiate to back, chest, epigastric zone or groin. Soreness can aggravate due to activity, running and sedentariness. In this case, patients have to be constrained to stay in bed. The pathological mechanism of pain is renal expansion and enlargement which is usually caused by that the tension of renal peplos increase or neighboring tissues are pressed and hanging tissues are stretched.

II, Abnormal urine

It usually presents as Hematuria or Proteinuria which are the early symptoms. Hematuria can be divided as gross Hematuria and Microscopic Hematuria, which can appear in 50% of patients and is more common among patients with Hypertension and Kidney enlarging. Proteinuria can be found in most of cases, which is usually mild and appears persistently. If urinary tract gets infected, urine may appear white blood cells and even pyocyte.

III, Renal concentration function decreases.

It usually presents as enuresis nocturna or frequent urine but it’s not severe, which occurs in early stage.

IV, Hypertension

50%～60% of patients suffer from Hypertension which is usually secondary to renal function decrease. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (hereinafter called ADPKD) is usually associated with rennin-angiotension systematic hyperfunction.

V, Renal Function Damage

50% of PKD patients presents renal function damage.

Symptoms outside kidney

50% of ADPKD patents suffers from Liver Cysts, and cyst can be single or multiple. Liver Cysts have few symptoms and swelling liver is detected only when patients get physical check-up. PKD patients has a 10% incidence of Pancreatic cysts, 5% incidence of cyst of spleen. Besides, thyroid gland, ovary and epididymis etc also have a possibility to present cysts. Aneurysma diseases like intracranial aneurysm, abdominal aneurysm and chest aortic aneurysm etc. are also main symptoms outside kidney.

Other symptoms outside kidney

1. Cardiac valve lesion: prolapsus of bicuspid valve and tricuspid valve, turnoff of aortic valve etc.

2. Esophagus Ceasma Hernia, Intestinal Tract Diverticulum, inguinal hernia etc.
If Patients present above symptoms, they should go to see the doctor in a regular kidney disease hospital to avoid treatment postponing.


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